Lung cancer is not just a smoker’s disease’: Oncologist

When people hear “lung cancer”, they often associate the disease with smoking. While tobacco use remains one of the biggest risk factors for lung cancer, the disease can also affect people who have never smoked. In fact, several environmental, genetic and occupational factors can increase the risk of lung cancer among non-smokers.
In an interview with HT Lifestyle, Dr. Prriya Eshpuniyani, Consultant Thoracic Surgeon and Surgical Oncologist at Zynova Shalby Hospital, Ghatkopar, Mumbai, highlighted some of the lesser-known risk factors and warning signs of lung cancer that people should not ignore. Why are non-smokers developing lung cancer
According to Dr Eshpuniyani, non-smokers can still be exposed to several risk factors that may increase their vulnerability to lung cancer.
Second-hand smoke: Inhaling passive smoke from others increases the risk of developing lung cancer significantly.
Air pollution: Exposure to particulate matter and toxic pollutants in outdoor air can contribute to respiratory damage.
Indoor toxins: Poor ventilation, radon gas, cooking fumes and biomass fuels used indoors can also affect lung health.
Occupational hazards: Regular exposure to industrial chemicals, asbestos, arsenic or diesel exhaust at the workplace can raise the risk.
Pre-existing lung conditions: Chronic conditions such as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) or pulmonary fibrosis can increase vulnerability.
Genetics: A family history of lung cancer can also make an individual more susceptible to the disease. Warning signs of lung cancer you should not ignore
Dr Eshpuniyani pointed out that non-smokers may sometimes dismiss respiratory symptoms because they do not consider themselves at risk. Symptoms may be mistaken for seasonal allergies, a common cold or a minor infection.
She highlighted the following warning signs:
A persistent cough that does not go away
Unexplained chest pain or tightness
Wheezing or hoarseness
Shortness of breath during daily activities
Frequent or recurring chest infections, such as bronchitis or pneumonia
Unexplained weight loss and poor appetite
Chronic fatigue or feeling constantly worn out
“If you experience an ongoing cough or respiratory symptoms lasting more than a few weeks, consult a doctor immediately,” Dr Eshpuniyani advised, adding that early detection can significantly improve treatment outcomes and quality of life.